Armour
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	A FINE VICTORIAN ERA COPY OF A 16th/17th CENTURY VAMBRACE (FOREARM-DEFENSE FOR A SUIT OF ARMOUR), ca. 1890: In overall fine untouched condition with lightly stained and patinated steel surfaces and approx. 55%+ polish. Of heavy gauge, two-piece construction with its both of riveted hinges, a later leather securing-strap and its brass buckle. The lames with curved cuffs and neatly folded borders: the upper lame’s rear with two (2) attachment-cuts. Of fine quality Victorian Era construction with lightly oxidized and patinated, generally smooth, steel surfaces. Some scattered patches of pitting and discoloration. The interior with smooth, dark, untouched, blackened surfaces. In overall fine condition. A very nice example of a Victorian Period 16th/17th Century (ca. 1570-1600) Vambrace, ca. 1890. Overall length, 7 1/2”. Price: $225.00
	A RARE COLONIAL AMERICAN/REVOLUTIONARY WAR PERIOD AMERICAN SPONTOON, ca. 1770s: In overall very good attic untouched condition with richly patinated iron and wooden surfaces. Blacksmith made, 9 1/2", wrought forged, Spontoon form spearhead of typical Colonial American design with a ringed-type socket, two (2) rosehead--nail-fastened, hand-forged, 5”, wrought-iron langets; and a finely sculpted, leaf-form blade/head with a turned base. Retains untouched, rust-patinated, chocolate-brown-colored, steel surfaces with light scattered pitting and staining. Fine edges, sharp contours and some light signs of use and wear. Complete with its Original, 65”, hardwood (Ash/Hickory?), haft/handle with untouched & richly oxidized, smooth, wooden surfaces. The base of thge haft retains its original conical-shaped grounding-iron, en suite with the head. Very good haft with expected minor handling-marks/abrasions, age-stains and signs of use. A rare example of an original Colonial American/Revolutionary War Period American Spontoon, ca. 1770s. For similar examples, please see: G. C. Neumann's: "Swords & Blades of the American Revolution" & "Battle Weapons...", pg. 375-376. Overall length, approx. 74 ½”. Price: HOLD
	AN EXTREMELY RARE 15th-16TH CENTURY ENGLISH "TUDOR PERIOD" LONGBOW, ca. 1450-1500: In overall very good+/fine untouched oxidized condition and of classic English 15th-16th Century form with a finely carved, Yew-wood bow of Traditional English form. The outer bow-surfaces carved with a flattened & smooth facade and the convex interior surfaces with a generally smooth and oxidized wooden age-patina. Of Traditional, carved, single-piece, Yew-wood, "English", construction with a very slightly curved body with an overall sharp attention to balance and symmetry. The ends with their integrally carved rounded/dowel-form string-attachments/terminals-- for the Bow-string (absent). In overall very good+/fine, richly oxidized and patinated condition with the expected signs of age and use storage: scattered light abrasions, scuffs and stains, etc. The body of the bow with light-colored, generally smooth, naturally aged and stained, wooden surfaces with a distinct grain-pattern, scattered abrasions, handling marks and signs of age, use & wear. A very rare example of an original 15th-16th Century English "Tudor Period" Longbow, ca. 1450-1500. Overall length, 67 3/4". The English Longbow is perhaps England's most famous weapon and has left an indelible impression on Popular Culture, as it was the weapon of Choice of the famed "Robin Hood". It was, prior to the advent of Firearms, one of the most effective weapons of the Medieval Period; and helped make England a European Power and the Victor of the 100 Years War, etc. An Extremely Rare Original Surviving Example of these All-Wood Bows, which prior to the mid-19th Century, complete examples were believed to be virtually non-existent. Since then, only a small number of Complete Bows have been discovered, perhaps the largest grouping being, on board Henry VIII's Flag-Ship, the "Mary Rose" which sank, at the "Battle of the Solent", in 1545. Also, as late as 1776, in a Feb. 11th letter written to Charles Lee, Benjamin Franklin thought it might be best to arm some American Troops, fighting in the Revolutionary War with Longbows, due to their effectiveness, rate-of-fire and relative inexpensive manufacture costs (Please see: https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Franklin/01-22-02-0207). For similar examples and additional information, please see Claude Blair’s: “European & American Arms…” & Sir Ralph Payne-Gallwey’s: “The Crossbow”. Price: $3,000.00
	A GOOD & DECORATIVE 19th CENTURY VICTORIAN PERIOD COPY OF A 16TH CENTURY GERMAN BACKPLATE, ca. 1900: In overall good, acid cleaned/artificially aged? Condition with generally smooth steel surfaces with a dull pewter-gray patina. Of Victorian Period light weight construction with its decorative, domed, steel rivets and remnants of its leather securing-straps. In good cleaned condition with patches of discoloration and pitting. The inner surfaces with staining and 95% of black painted finish. Of Victorian Period make, ca. 1900. Measures, approx. 16” x 14”. Price: $425.00
	A VERY GOOD QUALITY VICTORIAN/EDWARDIAN PERIOD GERMAN CLOSED-HELMET, ca. 1580/1900: In overall fine untouched condition. Of late 16th century style, German “Munitions-Grade" construction with a nicely roped brim, a finely roped comb and a rounded bowl. The crest with a fine and tight, lap seam and the inside of the body with untouched lightly oxidized smooth steel surfaces. Generally smooth, lightly patinated, outer surfaces with fine steel-gray patina, some light patches of discoloration and expected surface-oxidation. Of very good quality Victorian/Edwardian Period make, ca. 1900; and styled after the typical Northern European/German, light weight “Munitions-Grade” Closed-Helmet/Armet of, ca. 1580. The hinged lower face-defense with its riveted, gorget-plate, hammered chin-defense and side-hook. The rear of the helmet’s bowl with an integral neck-defense. Pierced outer face-guard/Bevor, en suite with round-head iron bosses, at the hinges and its side-mounted Hook & Eye securing-latch. Two (2) rectangular, eye-slits, a pointed nasal-section and pierced with breathing holes. Of classic 16th Century form and in fine smooth, untouched condition with nicely toned and gunmetal-gray, steel surfaces. An archetypal example of a 16th Century Style German/Northern European Closed Helmet of, ca. 1580. The type of fine quality, handmade/Armourer’s Copy Victorian/Edwardian Era helmet used to adorn the Stately Homes of the Era. Of likely German manufacture and possibly from the Schmidt workshops, ca. 1900. For similar examples of this style, please see H. L. Peterson's: "Arms and Armor in Colonial America 1526-1783”. Price: $1,775.00
	A VERY GOOD MID-16th CENTURY GERMAN/ITALIAN BREAST-PLATE SKIRT, ca. 1580: In overall very good+ condition with generally smooth, steel surfaces with a fine age-patina. Untouched inner surfaces with a dark patina, some patches of discoloration. The outer surfaces with roped/rolled edges. Of classic 16th Century German/Italian form of, ca. 1580 and of light weight "Field Grade" construction with a central piercing—for the attachments to a Breast Plate. In very good+, condition with expected scattered patches of discoloration. A nice example of a 16th Century German/Italian Skirt (Bottom Edge) for a Breast-plate, ca. 1580. For a similar example, please see: G. C. Stone’s: “A Glossary of the Construction, Decoration and Use of Arms & Armor”. Measures, approx. 13” x 1 1/2”. Price: $450.00
	A VERY GOOD & RARE "PILGRIM-ERA"/ENGLISH CIVIL WAR PERIOD ENGLISH LOBSTER-TAIL POT/BURGONET HELMET, ca. 1630: The bowl of fine quality, 17th Century, single piece construction with a hand-forged, approx. 7 1/2" high body with an approx. 8" wide brim: the edges of the brim with numerous decorative piercings. The top of the bowl with a medial, reinforced, raised crown and the body is adorned with thread-engraved accents overall. Untouched interior with dark and heavily oxidized & actively rusted surfaces having flaking, pitting and expected forge roughness. Retains smooth, deep-gunmetal-toned, dark & untouched, outer steel surfaces with scattered discoloration, oxidation and expected signs of use and wear. Of Rare English/Dutch make, ca. 1630 and of the style seen in the English Royal Armouries Collection: Item No. IV 159 (Please David Blackmore's: "Arms & Armour of the English Civil War"). Complete with both of its decoratively fashioned original ear defenses and its adjustable visor, en suite with riveted borders and finely sculpted outer contours. The hinge on the left ear defense with an old age-crack, on its hinge-pin. The interior surfaces of the ear-defense and visor are heavily oxidized & rusted, en suite with the bowl. The rear of the helmet with its original, riveted and articulated, single-piece "Lobster-tail" neck-guard with matching untouched steel surfaces. Adorned overall with decorative double-thread incised line engraved patterns ; and a very good and untouched example of a Rare English "Pilgrim-Era"/English Civil War Period Lobster-tail Burgonet Helmet, ca. 1630; and of the type of helmet manufactured at the Royal Workshops of Greenwich, UK. For similar examples, please see H. L. Peterson's: "Arms and Armor in Colonial America 1526-1783", pg. 118. Price: $3,975.00
	A VERY FINE 18th/19th CENTURY CHINESE GREEN JADE/JADITE ARCHER’S RING, ca. 1800: In overall very fine+ untouched condition with choice, deeply toned, “Glassy”/Imperial-type, Green, jade surfaces. Of very fine quality with Hand-carved contours with near perfect symmetry without cracks or fissures. Large, rounded, “Band” form body with a 1” outer diameter: made to protect the thumb of an Archer from the tension of the bow-string. Deeply, green-colored, “Glassy”, dark, Green Jade/Jadite with a very fine natural grain pattern without cracks. A very nice and high quality example of an 18th/19th Century Chinese Archer’s (thumb) Ring, ca. 1800. For similar examples, please see Stone’s: “Glossary of the Construction, Decoration and Use of Arms and Armor”. Price: $675.00
	A FINE 16TH CENTURY GERMAN (NUREMBERG) "BLACK & WHITE" MORION HELMET, ca. 1580: In overall fine untouched condition with smooth steel surfaces and much of its "Black & White" finish. Of typical, 16th Century, German, “Munitions-Grade” design; and of Two (2) piece construction with hand riveted seams, wire-rolled edges and its original, rear mounted, tubular Plume-Holder. Finely made bowl, each side with deeply embossed Fluer de Lis Patterns of 16th Century, (German) Nuremberg "Black & White" design. The edges of the bowl with floral-embossed, brass & iron washers/rivets. Of "Spanish" Morion form with an 11 1/2" x 14" body and a 2" crown with a wire-rolled crest. Retains a tight medial lap-seam and the inside of the body with forge-roughened, aged, steel surfaces with light scattered rust-patination and oxidation. The exterior with approx. (90%) of its, untouched, "Black" outer surfaces with nicely aged and matching "White" fore-ground details. Of hand forged construction with evident forge/hammer-marks and minor surface-laminations and expected imperfections, as found on original 16th Century Armor. Of very good quality, 16th Century, "Muntions Grade", ca. 1580; and of classic Nuremberg (German) "Black & White" design. The type of “Munitions/Field-Grade” Grade armour often associated with the Munich Town Guard. In fine condition with smooth steel surfaces and the expected signs of use/light wear. For similar examples, please see, H. L. Peterson's: "Arms & Armor in Colonial America". Price: $4,975.00
	A VERY GOOD LATE 17th/EARLY 18th CENTURY GERMAN "SCHNEPPER" STONE-BOW CROSSBOW, ca. 1650-1700: In overall very good "attic untouched" condition with deeply oxidized and rust-patinated metal & wooden surfaces. Of late 17th Century German/Germanic form with a simply molded and carved, flat-sided, dark-colored, hardwood (walnut) stock/tiller. Simple slab-sided stock with a rectangular-form tapered grip and a (later?) screw-fastened, cast, brass finial with an integral, turned, knob. The finial with untouched dark brown-mustard-colored, brass surfaces. Full steel mounts, trigger assembly and 26 3/4" long/wide bow of lightweight & delicate stone-bow "Schnepper" form with a slightly curved profile and pointed finials. The top of the tiller, fitted with its original, steel, cocking mechanism with an integral bow-string-hook and its original push-button type trigger. The mechanism with deeply oxidized and rust patinated surfaces, en suite with the bow and fork-type front sight. The front of the tiller with its original bottom-mounted screw-type bow-tensioning-screw and the base of the grip-section with its sliding rectangular steel "catch-ring"-- for retaining the rear of the cocking-mechanism. In mechanically non-functional order, as the trigger-release is presently frozen, in place. In overall very good "attic untouched" condition with expected signs of use, wear, scattered abrasions, handling marks and rust-stains. Newly Replaced jute bow-string-- for illustrative purposes. The iron bow, mechanism, mounts and trigger with russet-toned and orange-peel textured, steel surfaces with scattered pitting, roughness & oxidation overall. Very good and plain, dark hardwood stock/tiller with blackened wooden surfaces; oxidized and aged, en suite. A scarce example of an original Late 17th/Early 18th Century German Stone-Bow Crossbow ("Schnepper"), ca. 1650-1700. Overall length 27". *** Used for hunting birds, hares and other small game, the Schnepper or German type of "Stone-Bow" Crossbow, is considered by many, to be a predecessor of the firearm and slingshot, in that it fired a stone or clay ball, rather than an arrow or "bolt", as would a Traditional Crossbow. For similar examples and additional information, please see Claude Blair’s: “European & American Arms…” & Sir Ralph Payne-Gallwey’s: “The Crossbow”. Price: $2,750.00
	A 15th/16TH CENTURY GERMAN? WAR-TYPE LANCE HEAD, ca. 1450-1600: In overall very good untouched condition. The elongated, tapered, pyramid-form point with an integrally wrought-forged rounded socket with lap-welded seams and two, (2) long, pierced langets for attachment to a haft (missing). Retains a rough forge-darkened age patina with numerous hammer/forge-marks and generally sharp untouched, rust patinated and pitted steel surfaces. Of most likely German make and dates to, ca. 1450-1600. Of heavy “War” type weight; and made with an armour piercing/reinforced & weighted tip. In very good untouched condition with generally smooth, dark brown surfaces and some patches of forge-roughness and pitting. A large and impressive Military Lance Head, measures 17 3/4”. Weight, approx. 3 lb. For a similar example, please see G. C. Stone's: "A Glossary of the Construction Use & Decoration of Arms...", pg. 408. Price: $875.00
	A VERY GOOD EARLY COLONIAL PERIOD 17TH-18TH CENTURY DUTCH/ENGLISH FIGHTING KNIFE-DAGGER, ca. 1680-1700: Of late-17th Century (ca. 1680) Dutch/English design and with an unmarked, 7 5/8", single edged, pointed "knife-type" blade with a thick reinforced spine. Retains a generally smooth age patina with a very sharp, original cutting edge and scattered pitting, staining, discoloration and oxidation. The blade with smooth gunmetal-toned, rust patinated, steel surfaces and exopected signs of use. Brass mounted, turned, brass mounted hilt of late-17th Century Dutch/English Style with a decoratively cast, brass cross-guard with downward curved quillons with pointed finials. The cross-guard with smooth, untouched, mustard=-toned, brass surfaces. Carved and turned, single-piece, brown-colored, horn grip with untouched & oxidized, smooth surfaces with light scattered abrasions, minor losses and hairlines. Adorned overall with raised and incised raised carved crosshatching and geometric designs of 17th Century Dutch/English style. In overall Very Good condition with lightly oxidized/pitted and discolored steel surfaces, some nicks to the cutting-edge and the horn grip with untouched surfaces with signs of use & age. A nice example of an Early Colonial Period 17th Century Dutch/English Fighting Knife/Dagger, ca. 1680-1700. Form similar examples, please see G. C. Neumann's: "Swords & Blades of the American Revolution". Overall length, 11 1/2”. Price: $1,750.00
	A VERY GOOD & UNUSUAL EARLY MEDIEVAL BRONZE-BLADE "BEARDED" AXE, ca. 1200-1450: In overall very good condition with deeply pitted and somewhat roughly cast, heavy, aged & patinated, Bronze surfaces. Mounted on a nicely made, Replaced/Later, 18th/19th Century, hand-carved, reddish-brown-colored, wooden Haft. The 6 1/4" x 5 5/8", roughly cast, unmarked, "Bearded-type" Bronze Axe-blade with its original cutting edge (minor nicks/imperfections) and a rectangular poll with deeply aged surfaces. Retains a lightly cleaned bronze-colored age-patina with scattered casting-pocks and minor surface-flaws with patches of verdigris. Of early Medieval "Beared Axe" form, ca. 1200-1450 with blade's base made with an integral "beard" with an angled profile. In very good lightly cleaned condition with the noted scattered casting-pocks, moderate pitting/roughness and verdigris. Well-made reproduction, 19 1/2", flat-sided, hardwood haft with hand-carved contours, some minor surface-abrasions, age-stains and tight hairlines: the top with its wooden axe-wedge and two (2) later square-cut nail "wedges". The blade with generally smooth Bronze surfaces, its original cutting edge with minor nicks and signs of age and use. Very nice haft with aged surfaces, a distinct fluted grain-pattern and 85%+ finish. Some handling marks, minor paint-stains, tight hairlines and wear. A very nice example of an unusual Medieval Period All-Bronze "Bearded" Axe, ca. 1200-1450. Overall length, 19 1/2". Price: $1,575.00
	A FINE VICTORIAN ERA ARMORER’S COPY OF A 15th/16th CENTURY (ca. 1550) GERMAN KNIGHT’S JOUSTING GAUNTLET, ca. 1890: In overall very fine+ condition with dark, forge-blackened steel surfaces, much of its polish and evident hammer-marks. Heavy gauge single-piece construction with an integral thumb-defense and downward pointing knuckle-guard/finger-defense. The inner surfaces with dark untouched patination and some light patches of surface-oxidation. Of typical Victorian Period, blacksmith/Armorer forged construction with a nicely sculpted and finished wrist and cuff. The exterior with evident forge/hammer marks and retains its smooth “forge-blackened” finish with some light patches of discoloration/patina. The interior with matching smooth, untouched, surfaces. In overall very fine+ condition and a nicely made and classically styled, early to mid-16th Century German “Jousting”-type Gauntlet made, ca. 1890. Overall length, approx. 17". Price: $500.00
	A FINE & RARE 16TH CENTURY "CONQUISTADOR-TYPE" SPANISH MORION HELMET, ca. 1560: Of traditional 16th Century "Spanish Morion" helmet form with a finely forged & hammered, single-piece bowl and brim. In overall fine untouched condition with smooth steel-gray colored surfaces and much "bright" finish. Of fine quality single-piece construction with an approx. 11 1/2" high body with an 13 3/4" a wide brim with finely "roped" wire edges and a deeply-struck rectangular (Nuremberg) maker's "punch-mark" of, ca. 1540 (Please see E. Heer's: "Der Neue Stockel", vol. 3 pg. 1656). The interior with untouched russet toned iron surfaces with expected scattered forge-roughness and scant remnants of its original leather liner-strap. Fine & untouched exterior surfaces with a smooth steel-gray-colored age-patina, light scattered rust-stains, 85%+ "bright" finish and expected signs of age and military use: plume-holder long removed. Complete with its original, deeply floral-embossed, iron, liner-rivets, along the bowl's outer edges. Of classic 16th Century "Spanish Morion" design, ca. 1560 with a high comb, finely roped-edge borders and nicely pointed rear and front terminals. A very fine quality and authentic example of a mid-to-late 16th Century "Spanish Morion" Helmet, of the type often used by Conquistadors, in the New World, during the mid to late 16th Century. Price: $4,975.00
	A FINE ANCIENT ROMAN BRONZE ARROWHEAD, ca. 150-250 AD: In overall fine untouched excavated condition with generally smooth, untouched and oxidized, bronze-colored surfaces with light scattered verdigris, in its protected ridges. Of small-sized triangular form with a fluted arrowhead with a sharp point and an integrally cast rounded socket. Retains generally smooth bronze surfaces with a fine and stable age-patina. Of late Roman make and dates to ca. 150-250 AD. The type of smaller-sized military arrowhead used in volley firing. A very nice & decorative Ancient Roman Bronze Arrowhead. Length approx. 3/4". ***Two (2) Available. Price: $150.00 (each)
	A VERY GOOD UNTOUCHED THIRTY YEARS WAR/ENGLISH CIVIL WAR PERIOD ENGLISH/DUTCH LOBSTER-TAIL POT HELMET, ca. 1620: The bowl of fine quality, 17th Century, two (2) piece construction with a hand-forged, approx. 7" high body with a 9" wide wire brim: the brim with a deeply struck "Tree form" maker's mark within a rectangular cartouche/ The bowl's apex with an "S"-Hook hanging-ring with circular-shaped base. The interior with dark and untouched, oxidized surfaces having some minor lamination, rust-stains and expected forge roughness. Retains generally smooth, gunmetal-toned, untouched, outer surfaces with scattered discoloration and expected signs of use and wear. A small age-crack, on the rear left side. Of typical English/Dutch make, ca. 1620 and complete with its original sliding/adjustable nasal-bar face-defense with trefoil finial, its heart-shaped retaining-screw and its riveted and articulated "Lobster-tail" neck-guard. Original heart-shaped ear defenses with later leather securing-straps and rivets. Adorned with decoartive circular pattern vent-hole piercings. A very good and untouched example of a classic 30 Years/English Civil War Period Lobster-tail Cavalry Helmet, ca. 1620. For similar examples, please see H. L. Peterson's: "Arms and Armor in Colonial America 1526-1783", pg. 118. Price: $3,975.00
	A FINE ANCIENT ROMAN WROUGHT IRON ARROWHEAD, ca. 150 AD: In overall fine untouched excavated condition with untouched and oxidized, rust-patinated, wrought iron surfaces. Of Large-sized Military form with a bifurcated arrowhead with a sharp point and rear barbs. Made with an integrally forged twisted shaft with a rounded socket with medial seam. Retains generally smooth untouched iron surfaces with expected rust-stains, oxidation and a stable age-patina. Of late Roman make and dates to ca. 150 AD. A very nice example of a Large-size, Roman, Wrought Iron, Military Arrowhead. Overall Length, 4 1/2". Price: SOLD
	A VERY GOOD QUALITY VICTORIAN PERIOD COPY OF A 16th CENTURY GERMAN MAXIMILIAN CLOSED HELMET (ARMET), ca. 1900: In overall very good dark & untouched condition and of very fine quality, as with the original examples of the 16th Century. Of Mid-16th Century Maximilian style with a decoratively fluted comb and a matching pierced visor, fluted, en suite. Single (1) piece construction bowl with a finely sculpted neck-defense and fluted crest with a nicely sculpted comb. Retains dark & untouched, steel surfaces. The interior en suite with slightly rough, untouched, aged, steel surfaces with scattered roughness and oxidation. Generally smooth, lightly patinated, outer surfaces with a dark & untouched, gunmetal “patina”. Some light patches of discoloration, scattered pitting and surface-oxidation. Very fine quality Victorian Period make, ca. 1900. Very nicely crafted with two (2) hinged, side-mounted, locking ear-defenses that form a complete face-defense, when closed. Sculpted borders with smooth edges; and of the style of Helmet/Armet found on a Maximilian Suit of Armour of, ca. 1550. In overall very good+ untouched condition with richly toned and aged, gunmetal-colored, steel surfaces. Expected signs of age & wear; and of likely German manufacture. Possibly from the Schmidt workshops, ca. 1900. Price: $1,975.00
	A GOOD VICTORIAN/EDWARDIAN PERIOD COPY OF A 16TH CENTURY GERMAN CLOSED-HELM'S BEVOR, ca. 1900-1920: In overall very good condition with rust-patinated, steel surfaces and of good quality, Victorian/Edwardian Period manufacture; and made of heavy-gauge, cold-hammered steel. Of late 16th Century German Style; and of the style/type of face-defense found on a Closed Helmet. Rust stained inner surfaces with scattered surface oxidation. Rope-turned borders with embossed wire-turned edges. In overall good condition and a nice example of a Victorian/Edwardian Period (ca. 1900-1920) Copy of a late 16th Century German Bevor. Price: $375.00
	A FINE 30 YEARS WAR PERIOD/EARLY 17th CENTURY GERMAN TOTENKOPF “DEATH’S-HEAD” CLOSED-HELMET, ca. 1620: In overall fine condition. Of typical, early 17th century German “Munitions-Grade” design; and of Two (2) piece construction with a hand riveted medial seam, wire-borders, round-head rivets and its original conical Plume-Holder, on the rear of the bowl. A matching neck defense, gorget and hinged visor with their original bosses and cut-washers. The crown pf the bowl with a defined crest and a tight medial lap-seam. The inner surface with lightly forge-roughened, untouched, steel surfaces and a deeply toned russet age-patina with traces of old blackened finish. Generally smooth, steel-gray outer surfaces with evident forge/hammer-marks and minor surface-laminations. Of 17th Century/30 Years War Period, ca. 1620 with its two (2) piece, hinged, visor/face-defense with its original side-mounted locking-hook: the borders with wire edges, en suite with the brim of the bowl. Of “Munitions/Field-Grade” and in fine condition with generally smooth steel-gray surfaces and the expected signs of military use and wear. Some minor surface discoloration and light scattered pitting. A fine example of a 17th Century Mounted Knight’s/Cavalry Officer’s Closed Helmet, ca. 1620. Of Totenkopf/Death’s-Head form with a stylized visor and matching face-defense. The type of Late Period European Armor often worn with a ¾ Suit of Armour. Also of the style used in the New World-- with similar examples found at various Colonial American Settlements. For similar examples & additional information, please see Harold L. Peterson’s: “Arms and Armor in Colonial America 1526-1783”, pg. 117, plt. 129. Price: $4,875.00
	A VERY GOOD QUALITY MID-16th CENTURY GERMAN ETCHED BREAST-PLATE, ca. 1540: In overall very good+, cleaned/polished condition with generally smooth, bright, steel surfaces with a fine patina. Untouched inner surfaces with a dark patina, some patches of oxidation and light scattered pitting. The outer surfaces with fine quality, original, double thread-engraved etchings, along the borders of the midsection, waist, neck, belly and arms. Of classic mid 16th Century German form of, ca. 1540 and of Field weight construction with a heavy hand forged medial ridge nicely roped edges and various piercings—for the attachments of leathers. Original and decorative, domed, brass rivets with several replaced leather securing-straps/rivets. In very good+, condition with scattered patches of discoloration, fine scattered pitting, some minor losses, at the edges and very fine quality line/thread etchings. The steel surfaces and evidence of Combat use—several old dents, abrasions, etc.. The inner body with dark untouched surfaces with age-staining and rust patination. A classic early Etched German Breast-plate, for a Field Armor, ca. 1540. For a similar example, please see: G. C. Stone’s: “A Glossary of the Construction, Decoration and Use of Arms & Armor”. Measures, approx. 18” x 20”. Price: $4,975.00
	A VERY GOOD 16TH CENTURY FRENCH WAR SCYTHE, ca. 1550: In overall very good lightly cleaned condition. The crescent form wrought iron blade with an inner cutting edge and a reinforced rounded base. The hand forged integral socket with lap welded ring and outer securing ring with a piercing for a rivet. In overall very good condition with a lightly cleaned silver gray age patina and evidence of hard use: a working-period, forge-welded, blacksmith's repair to the base and socket. Of heavy military-type construction and the type of dual purpose weapon commonly associated with the "Peasant War" of the 16th century. Retains all of its components with some minor nicks to the original cutting edge, ca. 1550. For similar examples, please see G. C. Stone's: "Glossary of the Construction, Decoration & Use of Arms and Armor". Overall length, 18". Price: $850.00
	A VERY GOOD SMALL-SIZED 17th CENTURY EASTERN EUROPEAN (Polish?) WAR-HAMMER/AXE, ca. 1650 (ON LATER HAFT): In overall very good condition with a 5" x 1 1/2" wrought-forged, iron axe-head with a rear Rectangular "Hammer-head" finial. The Faceted Hammer-head with a squared face and lightly oxidized & pitted surfaces. The sides of the head with later steel, side-terminals/langets with gunmetal-toned steel surfaces, en suite with the head. In overall very good condition with generally smooth steel-gray surfaces, a richly toned age patina and some scattered pitting. Mounted on a later (20th Century) cylindrical hardwood handle/haft. The handle with scattered light abrasions and dark, smooth surfaces. A nice example of a Small-Sized mid-17th Century Eastern European (Polish?) Horseman's Hammer, ca. 1650. Overall length 20". Price: $750.00
	A 20TH CENTURY COPY OF A 17th CENTURY INDIAN FIGHTING-AXE, ca. 1990: In overall very fine+ condition with extensive cast “engravings” overall. The large, heavy, 8" x 5” cast-steel, semi-bearded axe-blade with a flat, faceted, rectangular rear “hammer”; and both sides of the axe-head with cast depictions of a leopards and gazelles within floral scroll and leaf accented borders. The integrally cast socket with a nicely roped pattern and ringed collar. In overall very fine+ condition with smooth, lightly toned, steel-gray surfaces. A very nice and decorative 20th Century copy of a 17th Century Indian/Indo-Persian Fighting axe. Overall length, 12". Price: $100.00
	A 20TH CENTURY (INDIAN MADE?) COPY OF A CELTIC-TYPE BEARDED FIGHTING-AXE, ca. 1990: In overall very fine+ condition with extensive cast “engravings” overall. The large sized, heavy, 8" x 5 3/4” cast-steel, Bearded axe-blade with a flat rectangular rear “hammer”. Cast, on both sides with a Celtic type scrolls and its integral cylindrical socket with a nicely roped pattern and a ringed collar. In overall very fine+ condition with smooth, lightly toned, steel-gray surfaces. A very nice and decorative copy of an Early Celtic “Bearded” Fighting axe. Overall length, 9 1/4". Price: $100.00
	A VERY RARE & FINE "ISLAMIC GOLDEN AGE PERIOD" 13TH CENTURY OTTTOMAN TURKISH/PERSIAN ENGRAVED/INSCRIBED DAHL/BUCKLER (SHIELD), ca. 1200-1250: In overall fine untouched condition with evidence of possible internment. Retains untouched reddish-green-colored, generaly smooth, Bronze surfaces with scattered heavy verdigris on its reverse side and expected oxidation and signs of use and age. Finely etched, engraved and embellished, Bronze surfaces with its obverse side extensively etched with Koranic/Islamic "Al-izz  wa'/l-iqbal/wal-dawla?-wa'l-salama" (Glory and prosperity and wealth and well-being) inscription in early style Farsi (Persian) characters. Of traditional circular Buckler/Dahl design with a decoratively stepped & turned, ringed body with a central embossed conical point/boss. The obverse retains untouched Bronze surfaces with scattered patches of smooth verdigris and age-staining. The inner surfaces, en suite with heavy, encrusted oxidization/verdigris with expected signs of age, wear and possible internment. In overall fine untouched condition with smooth outer surfaces and sharp engravings. A very rare example of an Islamic "Golden Age Persian" Engraved Bronze Shield (Buckler), ca. 1200-1250 AD. Diameter, 7”. ***For similar examples, please see the Louvre Museum, Paris, France; and for additional information, please see "Melikian-Chirvani", pg. 98-111. Price: $2,575.00
	A FINE & DECORATIVE VICTORIAN PERIOD COPY OF AN ETCHED 16th CENTURY GERMAN HALF SUIT OF NUREMBURG "BLACK & WHITE" ARMOUR, ca. 1580/1900: Consists of a finely etched and engraved, Nuremburg "Black & White" Breastplate with articulated lames and its matching pair of leg-defenses (Tassets), decorated, en suite. In overall fine condition with smooth surfaces and light wear. Finely etched and engraved Peascod type breastplate with a pointed belly and engraved, floral vine scroll borders and a central depiction of Two (2) Dueling Mounted Knights. Fine quality etchings with a sharp attention to detail with light wear and surface scratches. The tassets with matching smooth steel surfaces, some light patches of discoloration and decorative scrolls engravings, along its borders. Fine interior with matching black-painted surfaces (75% finish), scattered abrasions and minor loss of finish. In overall fine condition with smooth metal surfaces and sharp etchings. A very decorative example of a fine quality Victorian Period Armourer's Copy of a 16th Century German (Nuremburg) Black & White Suit of Armour, ca. 1580/1900. Price: $2,750.00
	A FINE EARLY COLONIAL/AMERICAN REVOLUTIONARY WAR PERIOD GERMAN (HESSIAN TYPE) ETCHED & ENGRAVED MILITARY "SERGEANT'S" SPONTOON, ca. 1740:In overall fine+ untouched condition. Hand-forged, 11", etched & engraved, steel head of typical 17th/18th century German Sergeant's Spontoon design, having nicely sculpted, protective base "lobes"/flanges, a central spear body of elongated leaf form and reinforced tapered spear-point. The base with a later? decorative bullion tassel. An integral ringed-type socket, two (2) nail-fastened, 16”, wrought-iron langets; and a finely sculpted, 7”, leaf-form blade with a delicately contoured & turned base. Both sides deeply engraved with floral vine scroll accents. Retains choice, smooth, steel surfaces with a lightly toned age-patina, very fine cutting-edges, sharp contours and some expected light signs of use and handling. Fine blade with smooth evenly toned gunmetal gray surfaces, some light patches of discoloration and a pleasing age patina overall. Sharp contours and edges without significant nicks: some expected minor irregularity. Complete with its original (slightly reduced), dark colored, 50 1/2”, rounded, hardwood, haft/handle with untouched & oxidized wooden surfaces and some minor handling-marks/abrasions. The haft with various light handling marks, minor stress-cracks and an oxidized age-patina. In overall fine condition with fine steel and wood surfaces. Some light signs of use and wear. A fine and rare example of an original Revolutionary War Period German/Hessian Etched & Engraved Officer’s (Sergeant's) Spontoon, ca. 1740. For similar examples, please see G. C. Neumann's: "Swords & Blades of the American Revolution", pg. 220-221 and Harold L. Peterson's: "Arms & Armor in Colonial America". Overall length, 61 3/4". Price: $2,975.00
	A VERY GOOD+ PAIR OF 16th CENTURY EMBOSSED GERMAN TASSETS, ca. 1580: In overall very good+/fine condition and constructed of heavy-gauge single lames with dome-head rivets and roped edges. Retains generally smooth steel-gray outer surfaces with finely embossed central diamond designs and nicely sculpted borders. Fine, lightly toned, steel-gray surfaces with scattered discoloration and some expected fine pitting. The interiors, en suite with patches of pitting and oxidation. Retain vestiges of their leathers, one with its embossed bronze buckle. A very good+/fine, heavy-gauge and nicely embossed pair of 16th Century German Tassets, for a Suit of Armour, ca. 1580. Measure: approx. 11” x 8”. For similar examples, please see: George C. Stone's: "Glossary of the Construction, Decoration & Use of Arms...", pg. 606. Price: $1,275.00
	A VERY GOOD LARGE-SIZE 17TH CENTURY GERMAN/HUNGARIAN WAR-HAMMER, ca. 1650 (on VICTORIAN PERIOD WROUGHT IRON HAFT: In overall very good untouched condition. The 8" x 1 1/2", hand-wrought, forged-steel, Hammer-head with an integral rear pointed Armour-Piercing ”Crow’s-Break”. The Hammer-head and Crow's-Beak with smooth steel-gray surfaces and light evidence of use and wear. Retains a steel-gray age patina with scattered patches of discoloration and light pitting. Mounted on a later (Victorian Period?), heavy, wrought iron handle/haft made from several forge-welded twisted bars of iron. The base with an integral open suspension-loop and the handle/grip with twisted staves which terminate into a cylindrical apex-- for the attachment of the Hammer-head. Retains dark, untouched iron surfaces with a nicely aged patina, evident hammer/forge marks and somewhat coarse/rough surfaces. In overall very good condition and a classic example of an early 17th Century Eastern German/(Polish/Hungarian) Military Horseman’s War Hammer, ca. 1650. Overall length, 23". Price: $1,950.00
	A GOOD 20th CENTURY COPY of a 16th/17th CENTURY EUROPEAN BALL & CHAIN TYPE WAR-FLAIL of, ca. 1550-1650: In overall good generally untouched condition and of 20th Century Edwardian Period manufacture, ca. 1920. Blacksmith made, wrought-forged, open-link, chain with oval links and a large-size, black-painted, wooden ball with numerous pointed and faceted iron spikes of traditional 16th/17th Century Morning-Star/"Guten-Tag" design. In very good untouched condition with black-painted wood and iron surfaces with -oxidation and generally smooth surfaces. Hand forged, blacksmith made chain with open-type links with evident forge-patination. Of typical Late 19th/ 20h century make as made of “modern” steel/iron. Retains lightly oxidized and aged surfaces. The Ball with its Conical steel spikes and generally smooth dark wooden surfaces with some patches of discoloration. Mounted on its tapered rectangular handle with painted and aged surfaces, en suite. The sides of the handle with two iron straps/langets with round-head nail fastenings and its top with its mount/attachment for the flail’s chain. Fine handle with clean wooden surfaces and light scattered abrasions. A classic “Victorian/Edwardian Period Decorative Weapon”, ca. 1920. Overall length: 48”, Chain Length 19 1/2”, Ball Diameter: approx. 7”. Price: HOLD
	A VERY GOOD PAIR OF 16TH/17TH CENTURY EMBOSSED (FRENCH?) GAUNTLETS, ca. 1580-1620: In overall very good dark & untouched condition with generally smooth steel surfaces. Of very good "Munitions Grade" quality, late 16th/Early 17th Century (French) manufacture, as made of cold-hammered sheet-steel with fully articulated lames and riveted borders. The cuffs deeply embossed with raised Fleur De Lis' of classic French design. Of classic 16th/17th Century Style with fully articulated joints and knuckle-defenses: the fingers missing. The inner surfaces with dark, black-colored, forge-roughened patination and traces of a black-painted finish. Riveted wrist borders with finely rope-turned edges. Fully articulated hand-guard and knuckles with decoratively sculpted forward lames and embossed rope decorations. In overall very good condition. The interior with a dark and oxidized age patina with some pitting and rusting. A very nice Pair of Original 16th/17th Century Embossed (French) Gauntlets, ca. 1580-1620—for a fine quality suit of armour. Overall length, 12". Price: $2,250.00
	A VERY GOOD VICTORIAN PERIOD PIERCED-STEEL BEVOR (FACE-DEFENSE) TO A CLOSED-HELMET, ca. 1900: In overall very good condition with rust-patinated, "bright", exterior, steel surfaces and finely articulated lames. Of good quality Victorian Period manufacture; and made of heavy-gauge, cold-hammered steel with fully articulated lames, its leather securing-strap and a nicely slot-pierced grill with riveted borders. Of classic mid-16th Century German Style; and of the style of face-defense found on a mid-16th Century Closed Helmet. Black-painted inner surfaces with scattered surface-rust/oxidation, stamped "27" assembly numbers and riveted borders with wire-turned edges. In overall very good condition and a nice example of a Victorian Period (ca. 1900) Armourer’s Copy of mid-16th Century German Bevor, ca. 1570—for a Closed Helmet. Price: $375.00
	A VERY GOOD ANCIENT ROMAN WROUGHT IRON KITE-SHAPED ARROWHEAD, ca. 100 AD: In overall good untouched excavated condition with heavily oxidized and deeply rust-patinated, wrought iron surfaces. Of unusual, large, Military, "Kite" form with a diamond form arrowhead with a solid & integrally forged, cylindrical shaft and a slightly blunted tip. Retains untouched and heavily oxidized iron surfaces with signs of internment, rust-stains, oxidation and a stable age-patina. Of late Roman make and dates to ca. 100-150 AD. A very nice example of a Roman, Wrought Iron, Military Spear/Arrowhead. Overall Length, 4 1/2". Price: $250.00
	A VERY GOOD 16TH CENTURY GERMAN RIGHT SPAULDER (ARM-DEFENSE), ca. 1580 : In overall very good condition with generally smooth black-painted (90%) outer surfaces with scattered discoloration and light staining. Rust-patinated interior surfaces with various rust-stains, surface oxidation, pitting and discoloration. Fully articulated lames with riveted articulations and complete with their leather straps and iron washers. Of "German-style" with sculpted & contoured outer surfaces and of heavy-gauge, cold-hammered/forged steel. In overall very good complete condition and a nice example of a 16th century German Arm Defense (Spaulder) from a Suit of Armour, ca. 1580. Price: $875.00
	A VERY GOOD EARLY 17th CENTURY GERMAN/EASTERN EUROPEAN MILITARY HORSEMAN’S FIGHTING AXE, ca. 1600: In overall fine untouched condition. The tomahawk form, 7 3/4" x 2", hand-wrought, forge-laminated-steel, curved axe-blade with a curved cutting edge and an integral rear pointed Armour Piercing ”Crow’s-Break”. Rivet-fastened, steel, Belt-Hook and forge welded, 10” side-langets. The head and axe-blade with evidence of heavy use, wear, repeated sharpening and a working-life brazed repair, on the sides. The Spike/Crow’s Beak with matching dark surfaces with evident forge-lamination. Retains an untouched age patina with scattered patches of discoloration and light pitting. The langets, en suite with evident forge/hammer marks and dark, light lightly pitted surfaces. Replaced, faceted, hardwood handle/haft with nicely "aged" dark surfaces: hammered-copper fasteners/rivets. In overall fine+ condition and a classic example of an early 17th Century Eastern German/(Polish/Hungarian) Military Horseman’s Fighting Axe with Belt Hook, ca. 1600. In very good untouched condition with generally smooth, deeply toned, steel surfaces and some scattered patches of pitting and discoloration. The faceted haft smooth dark surfaces and some light scattered handling marks: pierced for a loop or display. A very nice, example of an Early 17th Century German/Eastern European (Hungarian/Polish) Battle-Axe, ca. 1600. Overall length, 22 5/8". Price: $2,275.00
	A FINE PAIR OF VICTORIAN/EDWARDIAN ERA COPIES OF 16th CENTURY EMBOSSED GERMAN KNEE DEFENSES, ca. 1580/1910: In overall fine condition and constructed of heavy-gauge roll-pressed steel with turned edges. Smooth steel-gray outer surfaces with finely embossed medial ridges and borders. The lightly toned, steel-gray surfaces with scattered discoloration and some expected fine pitting. The interiors with black-painted surfaces and some scattered discoloration/pitting. A fine, heavy-gauge and well-made Victorian/Edwardian Era pair of 16th Century style German Knee Defenses, for a Suit of Armour, ca. 1580. For similar examples, please see: George C. Stone's: "Glossary of the Construction, Decoration & Use of Arms...". Price: $275.00
	A VERY GOOD 19th CENTURY/VICTORIAN PERIOD COPY OF A 15TH CENTURY GERMAN BREASTPLATE, ca. 1900: 1900  In overall very good, untouched condition with generally smooth steel surfaces and a gunmetal-gray-black patina with light scattered patches of discoloration/staining. Of Victorian Period construction with its decorative, domed, steel rivets and both of its leather securing-straps. In very good untouched condition with patches of discoloration and staining. The interior surfaces, en suite with active rusting, staining and 90% of its black painted finish. A very nice example of a Victorian Period Gothic type Breastplate, ca. 1900. Measures, approx. 15” x 23 1/2”.. Price: $775.00
	A GOOD 17th CENTURY EASTERN EUROPEAN (POLISH/HUNGARIAN) (EXCAVATED) WAR-HAMMER (HEAD), ca. 1650  : In overall very good excavated condition with a 8" long, wrought-forged, iron head with a rear "spike" type finial. The Hammer-head with a rounded face and deeply oxidized & pitted surfaces. The body of the head with matching steel surfaces, en suite. In overall very good excavated condition with rusted and pitted, russet-colored, steel surfaces with scattered pitting. A nice example of a Small-Sized mid-17th Century Eastern European (Polish/Hungarian?) Horseman's War-Hammer, ca. 1650. Overall length 8". Price: $675.00
	A VERY GOOD 17TH CENTURY EASTERN EUROPEAN (POLISH?) HORSEMAN'S HAMMER, ca. 1650: In overall very good condition with a 5 1/2" wrought-iron head with a rear Spike/Crow’s-Beak finial. Faceted Hammer-head with a squared face. The sides of the head with their wrought forged, steel, side-terminals/langets with matching surfaces. One langet with old/working period damage/crack. In overall very good condition with generally smooth steel-gray surfaces, a nicely toned age patina and some scattered pitting. Mounted on a replaced faceted hardwood handle/haft. The handle with scattered light abrasions and dark, smooth surfaces. A nice example of a mid-17th Century Eastern European (Polish?)Horseman's Hammer, ca. 1650. Overall length 20". Price: $1,275.00
	A FINE EARLY 17th CENTURY GERMAN/EASTERN EUROPEAN FIGHTING AXE, ca. 1640: In overall fine untouched condition. The tomahawk sized, 8" x 5", hand-wrought, forge-laminated-steel, curved axe-blade with a rounded and sculpted socket and an untouched gunmetal-gray age patina with smooth steel surfaces. Additionally adorned with simple line engraved borders and retains its original sharp cutting edge. Mounted on replaced/modern hardwood handle with a nicely "aged" patina, en suite with the blade. In overall fine+ condition with smooth, lightly toned, steel-gray surfaces and some light scattered patches of fine pitting/discoloration. A nice, example of an authentic early 17th Century German/Eastern European (Hungarian/Polish) Battle-Axe, ca. 1640. Overall length, 20 1/2". Price: $1,100.00
	A VERY GOOD 19th CENTURY/VICTORIAN PERIOD COPY OF A 15TH/16TH CENTURY GERMAN CHAFFRON/CHAMFRON (HORSE ARMOUR), ca. 1900: Of traditional 15th/16th Century "Chamfron" form with a hammered, single-piece body with nicely sculpted edges. In overall very good cleaned condition with smooth steel-gray colored surfaces and much "bright" finish. Of very good quality with finely sculpted edges and the interior with untouched russet toned, rust-stained, actively oxidizing/rusting, iron surfaces. Very good, acid cleaned, exterior surfaces with a smooth steel-gray-colored age-patina, light scattered rust-stains and expected signs of age. The center and eye-sockets with decoratively applied, embossed steel steel plates/borders with fluted and floral-embossed accents of Maximilian form. The center with its wrought-forged, triangular form, defensive spike with matching steel surfaces and its embossed securing-plate with floral-embossed brass washer, en suite. Of classic 15th/16th Century European (German) "Chamfron/Chaffron design; and a very nice example of a Victorian Period (ca. 1900) made copy of a Horse's Head-Armor/Chamfron of, ca. 1560. Of Maximilian form with finely embossed surfaces and nicely pointed and fluted ears. Measures: 22 1/2" x 12". Price: HOLD
	A VERY 17th CENTURY GERMAN/EASTERN EUROPEAN MILITARY HORSEMAN’S FIGHTING AXE-HEAD, ca. 1650: In very good untouched condition. The tomahawk form, 1 1/2" wide, curved axe-blade with an angled cutting edge and an integral rear-pointed Armour-Piercing ”Crow’s-Break”/Spike. In very good, dark, rust-patinated, untouched condition with generally smooth, deeply toned, steel surfaces with scattered patches of pitting and discoloration. A nice example of a 17th Century German/Eastern European (Hungarian/Polish) Battle-Axe, ca. 1650. Price: $475.00
	A VERY GOOD 17TH CENTURY ITALIAN STILETTO/LEFT HAND (MAIN GAUCHE) DAGGER w/ MOTHER OF PEARL INLAYED GRIP, ca. 1650: In overall very good generally untouched condition with dark, gunmetal-toned, smooth, steel surfaces to the unmarked, diamond-form, 8", tapered, double edged, reinforced, Spear-point "Stiletto" blade for Armour piercing. In untouched condition with gunmetal toned, smooth steel surfaces with light scattered discoloration. Matching iron hilt with a decoratively forged, cross- guard of Left Hand/Main Gauche Dagger form with Mother of Pearl Inlayed downward pointing curved quillons and a compressed ball-type pommel-cap, en suite with matching Mother of Pearl "dot" inlays of 17th Century Continental form. Very good mounts with lightly oxidized and discolored surfaces, all of their inlays and smooth gunmetal toned surfaces, like the blade . Flat sided, light-colored, fruitwood grip with 75& finish, sharp contours and several tight hairlines/repairs. Adorned, en suite with several plain Staghorn "dot" inlays. Very good grip with much finish, sharp contours and several age-cracks and repairs. A very nice example of a 17th century Italian/German Left Hand/Stiletto Dagger, ca. 1650. Overall length, 13”. Price: $1,575.00
	A FINE UNTOUCHED 13th/14th CENTURY GERMAN HORSEMAN'S AXE, ca. 1200s-1300s: In overall fine untouched excavated? condition. The 5 1/2", unmarked, hand-forged axe blade with an oval socket aperture with an extended protective collar and smooth untouched black-brown surfaces: scattered pitting. Retains a dark age patina with scattered patches of forge roughness and surface oxidation. Sharp blade: the (edges) with a minor nick. In overall fine untouched excavated? condition with a dark smooth age patina. A Nice example of a 13th-14th Century German Horseman's Axe, ca. 1200s-1300s. Mounted on fine quality replaced/modern hardwood haft with hand-carved contours and flat faceted sides. Overall length,".. . Price: $1,425.00
	A GOOD ANCIENT ROMAN WROUGHT IRON SPEARHEAD/ARROWHEAD, ca. 100-250 AD: In overall good untouched excavated condition with heavily oxidized and deeply rust-patinated, wrought iron surfaces. Of Military, form with a barb-form arrowhead (one barb damaged) with a hand-forged, conical hollow shaft. Rust patinated and heavily oxidized, untouched, iron surfaces with signs of internment. Retains a stable age-patina. Of Late Roman Era manufacture and dates to ca. 100-250 AD. A nice example of an original Ancient Roman, Wrought Iron, Military Spear/Arrowhead. Overall Length, approx. 3 1/2". Price: $225.00
	A VERY GOOD 19th/EARLY 20th CENTURY VICTORIAN/EDWARDIAN PERIOD COPY OF A 15th CENTURY SCOTTISH BOLLOCK DAGGER/DIRK, ca. 1890-1920: In overall very good+/fine untouched condition. Straight, tapered, triangular form, single-edge, 13", steel blade with a defined spine and two "blood-grooves": a sharp cutting edge. Retains 50%+ polish with generally smooth & untouched steel surfaces, a gunmetal toned age-patina, some light patches of discoloration and a sharp point. Turned and carved, traditional "Bollock Dagger form" dark-colored, hardwood (walnut?) grip/handle with a raised carved base-lobe and its disk-shaped Bronze/Brass pommel-cap. In overall very good+/fine untouched condition with smooth metal & wooden surfaces and the expected signs of light use/wear and age. A nicely made and decorative example of a Victorian/Edwardian Period Copy of a late 15th Century (Scottish) Bollock Dagger/Dirk, ca. 1890-1920. For similar type examples, please see C. Blaire: "European & American Arms...". Overall length 19". Price: $575.00
	A FINE EARLY 17th CENTURY EASTERN EUROPEAN FIGHTING AXE-HEAD, ca. 1600: In overall very good, dark, untouched condition. The tomahawk type, small-size, 3 1/2" x 3 1/4", hand-wrought, forge-laminated-steel, crescent-form, curved axe-blade with a rounded open socket and a smooth, dark, chocolate-brown age patina. In overall very good+ untouched condition with smooth, richly toned, dark surfaces and some light scattered patches of pitting and discoloration. A nice, well-used example of an early 17th Century Eastern European (Hungarian/Polish) Battle-Axe, ca. 1600. Price: $450.00
	A RARE UNTOUCHED 15th-16th CENTURY GERMAN HALBERD/POLEARM, ca. 1490-1550:In overall very good untouched condition. The body of early type construction with a heavy and wide blacksmith made blade with a single cutting edge and two forge-welded sockets for the haft (missing). The body with untouched chocolate brown surfaces with a rich age patina and some expected scattered pitting and discoloration. Retains its original cutting edge with some minor abrasions, wear and nicks. The sockets with fine lap-weld seams and matching surfaces. A very nice example of an early "Peasant's" type Halberd/Glave, ca. 1500. The type of weapon made infamous during the German Peasant Wars of the 16th century. Overall length, 19 1/2". Price: $1,475.00
	A VERY GOOD ANCIENT ROMAN WROUGHT IRON SPEARHEAD, ca. 100-250 AD: In overall good untouched excavated condition with heavily oxidized and deeply rust-patinated, wrought iron surfaces. Of Military, form with a barb-form arrowhead (one barb damaged) with a hand-forged, conical hollow shaft. Heavily rust patinated and oxidized, (stable) iron surfaces with obvious signs of internment. Of Late Roman Era manufacture and dates to ca. 100-250 AD. A classic example of an original Ancient Roman, Wrought Iron, Military Spear/Arrowhead. Overall Length, approx. 3 1/2". Price: $225.00
	MID 16TH CENTURY NORTHERN ITALIAN/GERMAN ALL-STEEL HORSEMAN'S MACE, ca. 1550: In overall fine cleaned condition with a 7 1/8" wrought-iron head with a ball finial and six decoratively pointed/sculpted flanges (in the Italian tradition). Octagonal to round, hollow, iron shaft with a raised ringed collar above the finely rope-turned grip (some wear to the roped decoration). The pommel with a decorative dome head with line-engraved surfaces and some wear to the engraving: the shaft pierced for a suspension cord. In overall fine, cleaned condition, with heavy pitting and generally smooth steel-gray surfaces with a toned age patina overall. The noted wear to the rope decoration on the grip-section. A well-made example of a 16th century, All-Steel, Northern Italian/SouthernGerman, Horseman's mace. Overall length 26". Similar examples preserved at the La Real Armeria de Madrid, the Museo Poldi Pezzoli & the Stibbert Museum. Price: $5,575.00
	A FINE EARLY COLONIAL PERIOD FRENCH MILITARY PARTISAN, ca. 1650-1700: In overall fine+ untouched condition. The hand-forged, 13", steel head of typical mid to late 17th century French Partisan design, having nicely sculpted "flame" type wavy external flanges, a central spear body of elongated leaf form and reinforced tapered spear-point. Mounted on later (19th century) faceted, hardwood shaft by its two integral iron langets and rivets. The haft with various light handling marks, minor stress-cracks and a dark patina overall. In fine+ condition. The unmarked blade with smooth evenly toned gunmetal gray surfaces, some light patches of discoloration and pitting and a pleasing age patina overall. Sharp contours and edges without significant nicks: some expected minor irregularity at the upper tip of the spear-point. The haft with sharp contours, minor scuffs, light abrasions and handling marks. A very nice example of a classic Early Colonial Period French Military Partisan, ca. 1650-1700. Overall length, approx. 100". For similar examples please see Harold L. Peterson's: "Arms & Armor in Colonial America". Price: $2,750.00
	A 19TH CENTURY DECORATIVE "St. GEORGE" SPEAR HEAD, ca. 1850-1900: n overall excellent untouched condition. The triangular form arrow point with an integral rounded socket with lap-welded seams. Retains a smooth forge-blackened patina with numerous hammer marks and sharp edges. Of most likely French or English make and was original part of a St. George slaying the Dragon statue. Dates to the mid to late 19th century, ca. 1850-1900 and is in excellent condition with no pitting or wear. A very nice decorative spear head with hard forged surfaces. Price: $150.00